Which type of business organization is owned by a single individual?

A sole proprietorship is a business organization that is owned and operated by a single individual. This structure is characterized by the complete control and ownership held by the sole proprietor, who is responsible for all decisions, profits, and liabilities associated with the business. One of the key advantages of a sole proprietorship is its simplicity in formation and operation, making it an appealing option for many small business owners.

Unlike a corporation, which is a separate legal entity with shareholders, or a partnership, which involves two or more individuals sharing ownership, a sole proprietorship does not require formal registration or compliance with the complex governance structures that corporations must adhere to. Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) also differ, as they provide limited liability protection and typically have more than one owner or member.

Thus, the defining characteristic of a sole proprietorship is its single ownership structure, making it distinct from the other forms of business organizations mentioned in the question.